@font-face{font-family:Mona Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;font-stretch:75% 125%;src:url(/_astro/mona-sans-vietnamese-standard-normal.Rd0aZl9c.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Mona Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;font-stretch:75% 125%;src:url(/_astro/mona-sans-latin-ext-standard-normal.CQ1tG6In.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Mona Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 900;font-stretch:75% 125%;src:url(/_astro/mona-sans-latin-standard-normal.BMVx8nn_.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}.iso{--anatomy-page:#0b0b0b;--anatomy-card:#131313;--anatomy-text:#a3a3a3;--anatomy-strong:#e6e6e6;--anatomy-muted:#6e6e6e;--anatomy-paper:#131313;--anatomy-face:#1b1b1b;--anatomy-top:#1c1c1c;--anatomy-shade-0:#0f0f0f;--anatomy-shade-1:#121212;--anatomy-shade-2:#151515;--anatomy-shade-3:#181818;--anatomy-lit-top:#262626;--anatomy-lit-shade:#1d1d1d;--anatomy-hi:#d4d4d4;--anatomy-mid:#6a6a6a;--anatomy-lo:#3e3e3e;--anatomy-faint:#2a2a2a;--anatomy-lit:#ffffff;--anatomy-halo:#050505;--anatomy-halo-opacity:.9;--anatomy-dot:#e6e6e6;--anatomy-red:#ff6b6b;--anatomy-green:#6be0a0;--anatomy-blue:#6b9bff;--anatomy-weight:.6px;--anatomy-ease:cubic-bezier(.32,.72,0,1);--anatomy-mono:ui-monospace,"SF Mono",Menlo,Consolas,monospace;--anatomy-lift:inset 0 1px 0 0 #ffffff0a,inset 0 0 0 1px #ffffff06,0 0 0 1px #00000026,0 1px 1px -.5px #00000014,0 3px 3px -1.5px #00000014,0 6px 6px -3px #00000014,0 12px 12px -6px #00000014}.iso[data-theme=light]{--anatomy-page:#f2f2ef;--anatomy-card:#fbfbfa;--anatomy-text:#57575a;--anatomy-strong:#18181a;--anatomy-muted:#8c8c90;--anatomy-paper:#fbfbfa;--anatomy-face:#ffffff;--anatomy-top:#ffffff;--anatomy-shade-0:#dcdcd9;--anatomy-shade-1:#e5e5e2;--anatomy-shade-2:#ededea;--anatomy-shade-3:#f4f4f1;--anatomy-lit-top:#ffffff;--anatomy-lit-shade:#eeeeeb;--anatomy-hi:#26262a;--anatomy-mid:#8a8a8f;--anatomy-lo:#b4b4b8;--anatomy-faint:#d4d4d6;--anatomy-lit:#000000;--anatomy-halo:#8a8a80;--anatomy-halo-opacity:.32;--anatomy-dot:#3a3a3e;--anatomy-red:#e5484d;--anatomy-green:#30a46c;--anatomy-blue:#3e63dd;--anatomy-lift:inset 0 1px 0 0 #ffffff,0 0 0 1px #0000000f,0 1px 1px -.5px #0000000a,0 3px 3px -1.5px #0000000a,0 6px 6px -3px #0000000a,0 12px 12px -6px #0000000a}.iso-svg{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;overflow:visible}.iso-svg path,.iso-svg circle{vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke}.iso-fill{fill:var(--anatomy-paper);stroke:none}.iso-solid[data-lit]>.iso-fill{fill:var(--anatomy-face)}.iso-shade,.iso-top{stroke:none}.iso-shade[data-shade="0"]{fill:var(--anatomy-shade-0)}.iso-shade[data-shade="1"]{fill:var(--anatomy-shade-1)}.iso-shade[data-shade="2"]{fill:var(--anatomy-shade-2)}.iso-shade[data-shade="3"]{fill:var(--anatomy-shade-3)}.iso-top{fill:var(--anatomy-top)}.iso-solid[data-lit]>.iso-top{fill:var(--anatomy-lit-top)}.iso-solid[data-lit]>.iso-shade{fill:var(--anatomy-lit-shade)}.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-shade,.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-top{stroke-width:.4;stroke-linejoin:round}.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-shade[data-shade="0"]{stroke:var(--anatomy-shade-0)}.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-shade[data-shade="1"]{stroke:var(--anatomy-shade-1)}.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-shade[data-shade="2"]{stroke:var(--anatomy-shade-2)}.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-shade[data-shade="3"]{stroke:var(--anatomy-shade-3)}.iso-solid[data-seamless]>.iso-top{stroke:var(--anatomy-top)}.iso-solid[data-seamless][data-lit]>.iso-top{stroke:var(--anatomy-lit-top)}.iso-solid[data-seamless][data-lit]>.iso-shade{stroke:var(--anatomy-lit-shade)}.iso-solid[data-lit]>.iso-edge{stroke:var(--anatomy-lit)}.iso-halo{fill:var(--anatomy-halo);stroke:none;filter:blur(9px);opacity:var(--anatomy-halo-opacity);transform:translateY(3px)}.iso-line{fill:none;stroke:var(--anatomy-lo);stroke-width:var(--anatomy-weight);stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}.iso-line[data-tone=hi]{stroke:var(--anatomy-hi)}.iso-line[data-tone=mid]{stroke:var(--anatomy-mid)}.iso-line[data-tone=lo]{stroke:var(--anatomy-lo)}.iso-line[data-tone=faint]{stroke:var(--anatomy-faint)}.iso-line[data-tone=lit]{stroke:var(--anatomy-lit)}.iso-line[data-tone=red]{stroke:var(--anatomy-red)}.iso-line[data-tone=green]{stroke:var(--anatomy-green)}.iso-line[data-tone=blue]{stroke:var(--anatomy-blue)}.iso-line[data-dotted]{stroke-dasharray:.01 3.5;stroke-width:1}.iso-line[data-dashed]{stroke-dasharray:3 3}.iso-line[data-flow]{stroke-dasharray:2 6}.iso-wire-end{fill:var(--anatomy-paper);stroke:var(--anatomy-lo);stroke-width:var(--anatomy-weight)}.iso-wire[data-tone=hi] .iso-wire-end{stroke:var(--anatomy-hi)}.iso-wire[data-tone=mid] .iso-wire-end{stroke:var(--anatomy-mid)}.iso-wire[data-tone=faint] .iso-wire-end{stroke:var(--anatomy-faint)}.iso-wire[data-tone=lit] .iso-wire-end{stroke:var(--anatomy-lit)}.iso-dots circle{fill:var(--anatomy-dot);stroke:none;opacity:.32}.iso-dots[data-tone=hi] circle{opacity:.85}.iso-dots[data-tone=mid] circle{opacity:.45}.iso-dots[data-tone=lo] circle{opacity:.22}.iso-dots[data-tone=faint] circle{opacity:.12}.iso-face-text{fill:var(--anatomy-mid);font-family:var(--anatomy-mono);letter-spacing:.04em}.iso-face-text[data-tone=hi]{fill:var(--anatomy-hi)}.iso-face-text[data-tone=lo]{fill:var(--anatomy-lo)}.iso-face-text[data-tone=faint]{fill:var(--anatomy-faint)}.tb-body{fill:var(--anatomy-shade-2);stroke:none}.tb-shine{fill:var(--anatomy-top);stroke:none}.tb-shade{fill:var(--anatomy-shade-0);stroke:none}.tb-ring{fill:none;stroke:var(--anatomy-lo);stroke-width:.45;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:round}.tb-ring[data-tone=mid]{stroke:var(--anatomy-mid)}.tb-ring[data-tone=faint]{stroke:var(--anatomy-faint)}.tb-ring[data-tone=hi]{stroke:var(--anatomy-hi)}@keyframes iso-flow{to{stroke-dashoffset:-32}}@keyframes iso-pulse{0%,to{opacity:.18}12%{opacity:1}40%{opacity:.18}}.iso-line[data-flow]{animation:iso-flow 1.6s linear infinite}.iso-dots circle[data-pulse]{animation:iso-pulse 1.6s steps(1,end) infinite;animation-delay:var(--pulse-at,0ms)}.iso-figure{margin:32px 0 36px}.iso-plate{position:relative;padding:52px 24px;border-radius:0;background:var(--anatomy-card);box-shadow:0 0 0 1px var(--anatomy-mid);--anatomy-paper:var(--anatomy-card)}.iso-plate-corners{position:absolute;inset:18px 20px;pointer-events:none}.iso-plate-corner{position:absolute;color:var(--anatomy-muted);font-family:var(--anatomy-mono);font-size:10.5px;line-height:1;letter-spacing:.04em;white-space:nowrap}.iso-plate-corner[data-corner=fig]{top:0;left:0;color:var(--anatomy-text)}.iso-plate-corner[data-corner=title]{top:0;right:0;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em}.iso-plate-corner[data-corner=hint]{bottom:0;left:0;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em}.iso-plate-corner[data-corner=readout]{right:0;bottom:0;color:var(--anatomy-text);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.iso-plate .iso-svg{margin:0 auto}.iso-legend{display:grid;gap:8px;margin-top:12px;color:var(--anatomy-muted);font-size:13px;line-height:1.55}.iso-keys{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 18px}.iso-key{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:7px}.iso-swatch{width:16px;height:10px;flex:none;overflow:visible}.iso-swatch path{fill:none;stroke:var(--anatomy-hi);stroke-width:1;vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-linecap:round}.iso-swatch[data-mark=raised] path,.iso-swatch[data-mark=flat] path{stroke:var(--anatomy-mid)}.iso-swatch[data-mark=lit] path{stroke:var(--anatomy-lit)}.iso-swatch[data-mark=dim] path{stroke:var(--anatomy-lo)}.iso-swatch[data-mark=dotted] path{stroke-dasharray:.01 3;stroke-width:1.4}.iso-swatch[data-mark=dashed] path{stroke-dasharray:3 2.5}.iso-swatch[data-mark=red] path{stroke:var(--anatomy-red)}.iso-swatch[data-mark=green] path{stroke:var(--anatomy-green)}.iso-swatch[data-mark=blue] path{stroke:var(--anatomy-blue)}.iso-swatch-crease{stroke:var(--anatomy-lo)!important}@media(max-width:560px){.iso-plate{padding:48px 12px 70px}.iso-plate-corner[data-corner=hint]{bottom:18px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.iso-line[data-flow],.iso-dots circle[data-pulse]{animation:none}}:root{--bg: #0b0b0b;--surface: #131313;--line: #232323;--line-strong: #3a3a3a;--text: #a6a6a6;--strong: #ededed;--muted: #808080;--pass: #6be0a0;--hold: #ff6b6b;--font: "Mona Sans Variable", ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;--mono: ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;--gutter: clamp(16px, 4.2vw, 48px);--max: 1280px;--measure: 66ch;--section: clamp(104px, 13vw, 184px);--ease: cubic-bezier(.32, .72, 0, 1);color-scheme:dark}:root[data-theme=light]{--bg: #f2f2ef;--surface: #fbfbfa;--line: #dfded9;--line-strong: #c4c3be;--text: #4d4d50;--strong: #111113;--muted: #6c6c70;--pass: #1f8a57;--hold: #d6383e;color-scheme:light}.iso{--anatomy-page: var(--bg);--anatomy-card: var(--surface);--anatomy-mono: var(--mono);--anatomy-muted: var(--muted)}:root[data-theme=light] .iso{--anatomy-page: var(--bg);--anatomy-card: var(--surface);--anatomy-text: #57575a;--anatomy-strong: #18181a;--anatomy-muted: var(--muted);--anatomy-paper: #fbfbfa;--anatomy-face: #ffffff;--anatomy-top: #ffffff;--anatomy-shade-0: #dcdcd9;--anatomy-shade-1: #e5e5e2;--anatomy-shade-2: #ededea;--anatomy-shade-3: #f4f4f1;--anatomy-lit-top: #ffffff;--anatomy-lit-shade: #eeeeeb;--anatomy-hi: #26262a;--anatomy-mid: #8a8a8f;--anatomy-lo: #b4b4b8;--anatomy-faint: #d4d4d6;--anatomy-lit: #000000;--anatomy-halo: #8a8a80;--anatomy-halo-opacity: .32;--anatomy-dot: #3a3a3e;--anatomy-red: #e5484d;--anatomy-green: #30a46c;--anatomy-blue: #3e63dd;--anatomy-lift: inset 0 1px 0 0 #ffffff, 0 0 0 1px #0000000f, 0 1px 1px -.5px #0000000a, 0 3px 3px -1.5px #0000000a, 0 6px 6px -3px #0000000a, 0 12px 12px -6px #0000000a}*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{font-family:var(--font);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-size-adjust:100%;background:var(--bg)}body{margin:0;min-height:100vh;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--bg);color:var(--text);font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.6;font-weight:400;overflow-x:clip}main{flex:1}img,svg{display:block;max-width:100%}p{margin:0}h1,h2,h3,h4{margin:0;color:var(--strong);font-weight:600;text-wrap:balance}ul,ol{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}::selection{background:var(--strong);color:var(--bg)}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}.link,.prose a{color:var(--strong);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:.22em;text-decoration-color:var(--line-strong);transition:text-decoration-color .2s var(--ease)}.link:hover,.prose a:hover{text-decoration-color:currentColor}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--strong);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:2px}.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}.skip{position:absolute;left:var(--gutter);top:-100px;z-index:10;background:var(--strong);color:var(--bg);padding:.6em 1em;font-weight:550}.skip:focus{top:12px}.wrap{width:100%;max-width:var(--max);margin-inline:auto;padding-inline:var(--gutter)}.display{font-size:clamp(2.65rem,1.1rem + 6.1vw,6.4rem);font-weight:640;font-stretch:112%;line-height:.95;letter-spacing:-.035em}.h1{font-size:clamp(2.4rem,1.4rem + 3.6vw,4.25rem);font-weight:620;font-stretch:110%;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-.03em}.h2{font-size:clamp(1.75rem,1.2rem + 1.9vw,2.6rem);font-weight:600;font-stretch:108%;line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.022em}.h3{font-size:clamp(1.25rem,1.05rem + .7vw,1.55rem);font-weight:580;font-stretch:104%;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-.012em}.lede{font-size:clamp(1.15rem,1.02rem + .45vw,1.35rem);line-height:1.5;color:var(--text);max-width:40ch}.lede strong{color:var(--strong);font-weight:550}.small{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.5}.muted{color:var(--muted)}.strong{color:var(--strong)}.mono{font-family:var(--mono);font-size:.8125rem;letter-spacing:0}.num{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.site-header{position:relative;z-index:1;padding-block:22px}.site-header .wrap{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px}.wordmark{color:var(--strong);font-size:1.0625rem;font-weight:680;font-stretch:118%;letter-spacing:-.01em;white-space:nowrap}.nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:clamp(14px,2.6vw,34px)}.nav a{color:var(--muted);font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:500;padding-block:10px;transition:color .2s var(--ease)}.nav a:hover,.nav a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--strong)}.theme-toggle{display:grid;place-items:center;width:36px;height:36px;margin-right:-8px;border:0;border-radius:50%;background:none;color:var(--muted);cursor:pointer;transition:color .2s var(--ease)}.theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--strong)}.theme-toggle svg{width:18px;height:18px}.theme-toggle .sun{display:none}:root[data-theme=light] .theme-toggle .sun{display:block}:root[data-theme=light] .theme-toggle .moon{display:none}.actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:14px 26px}.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.55em;background:var(--strong);color:var(--bg);font-weight:580;font-size:1rem;font-stretch:104%;padding:.85em 1.35em;border-radius:3px;transition:transform .25s var(--ease),opacity .2s}.btn:hover{opacity:.88}.btn:active{transform:translateY(1px)}.section{margin-top:var(--section)}.section-head{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px 32px;margin-bottom:clamp(36px,5vw,64px)}.section-head p{max-width:52ch}.site-footer{margin-top:var(--section);padding-block:40px 48px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.site-footer .wrap{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px 32px}.site-footer nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 28px}.site-footer a{color:var(--muted);padding-block:6px;transition:color .2s var(--ease)}.site-footer a:hover{color:var(--strong)}.prose{max-width:var(--measure);font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.7}.prose>*+*{margin-top:1.15em}.prose h2{font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:600;font-stretch:106%;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.012em;margin-top:2.2em}.prose ul{padding-left:1.2em;list-style:none}.prose li{position:relative}.prose li+li{margin-top:.45em}.prose li:before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-1.05em;top:.78em;width:.42em;height:1px;background:var(--muted)}.prose strong{color:var(--strong);font-weight:580}.fig .iso-figure{margin:0}.iso .iso-plate-corner[data-corner=title]{left:0;right:auto}.iso .iso-plate-corner[data-corner=hint]{text-transform:none;letter-spacing:0}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*:before,*:after{transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important}}.whitespace-nowrap{white-space:nowrap}